A novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,minimum mean square variance criterion and least mean square adaptive filter

Underwater acoustic signal processing is one of the research hotspots in underwater acoustics. Noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals is the key to underwater acoustic signal processing. Owing to the complexity of marine environment and the particularity of underwater acoustic channel, noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals has always been a difficult challenge in the field of underwater acoustic signal processing. In order to solve the dilemma, we proposed a novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), minimum mean square variance criterion (MMSVC) and least mean square adaptive filter (LMSAF). This noise reduction technique, named CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF, has three main advantages: (i) as an improved algorithm of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and ensemble EMD (EEMD), CEEMDAN can better suppress mode mixing, and can avoid selecting the number of decomposition in variational mode decomposition (VMD); (ii) MMSVC can identify noisy intrinsic mode function (IMF), and can avoid selecting thresholds of different permutation entropies; (iii) for noise reduction of noisy IMFs, LMSAF overcomes the selection of decomposition number and basis function for wavelet noise reduction. Firstly, CEEMDAN decomposes the original signal into IMFs, which can be divided into noisy IMFs and real IMFs. Then, MMSVC and LMSAF are used to detect identify noisy IMFs and remove noise components from noisy IMFs. Finally, both denoised noisy IMFs and real IMFs are reconstructed and the final denoised signal is obtained. Compared with other noise reduction techniques, the validity of CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF can be proved by the analysis of simulation signals and real underwater acoustic signals, which has the better noise reduction effect and has practical application value. CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF also provides a reliable basis for the detection, feature extraction, classification and recognition of underwater acoustic signals.     

信息/求解 Petri 网系统

绝大多数 Petri 网在变迁发生后前集库所会失去标记,不便于表达一个条件一旦具备将永远具备的情形.针对该问题,基于0-1标识与变迁发生后其前集不失去标记的思想,提出了信息/求解扩展 Petri 网系统(I/S系统).给出了I/S系统的相关定义、部分基本性质、矩阵表示、求解发生权向量的求法和状态方程.最后,给出了以I/S系统表示的几种常见滑模变结构控制策略的设计过程,该例显示了I/S系统的模型表达能力.     

基于部分可辨识振动系统的载荷恢复方法

在复模态分析和参数辨识的基础上,对部分可辨识振动系统的载荷识别问题进行了研究,提出了基于部分可辨识复模态参数的载荷恢复方法。恢复模型存在幅值模糊和相位模糊,不存在排列模糊。数值仿真验证了该方法的有效性,并讨论了提高恢复精度的方法。     

关于右连左极函数的Gronwall不等式

给出了传统意义下的Gronwall不等式的推广形式,并且给出了在右连左极函数积分下的一种Gronwall不等式。     

空间信息支持高能激光武器应用研究*

依据空间信息支持现代作战的主要内容,介绍了五大类空间信息状况,分析了新概念武器高能激光的基本原理,并就其应用过程建立了UML模型。在此基础上,设计了空间信息支持高能激光武器应用系统的框架,并就高能激光武器对空间信息的需求进行了重点分析,而后以信息的转换与传递为主线,探讨了高能激光武器运用空间信息的流程。最后对该领域研究的趋势和发展前景做出了展望,并提出对其未来发展的要求。     

地铁火灾应急预案的制定

介绍地铁火灾发生时的几个主要的特点以及其巨大的危害性,引出了地铁火灾应急预案制定模式的重要性。通过对已有的资料进行研究、分析,同时结合实际,对地铁火灾应急预案制定时所包含的主要内容进行了科学的完善,得出了一个完整的预案制定模式。     

温度对半导体激光器退化的影响

采取等效电路模型仿真和加速退化试验相结合的方法研究温度对半导体激光器不同退化模式的影响规律。针对半导体激光器有源区退化和腔面退化进行分析,发现有源区退化会使半导体激光器阈值电流增大,而腔面退化会使半导体激光器斜率效率减小;进行了半导体激光器热特性建模与仿真,发现温度升高会使半导体激光器阈值电流增大;利用半导体激光器加速退化试验平台进行了半导体激光器加速退化试验。仿真与试验结果证明:温度升高会加剧半导体激光器腔面退化,而对有源区退化无显著影响。上述结论对进一步完善半导体激光器温度-退化仿真模型,研究温度对半导体激光器退化的作用机理和防护措施有积极作用。     

Balancing a one‐way corridor capacity and safety‐oriented reliability: A stochastic optimization approach for metro train timetabling

In urban rail transit systems of large cities, the headway and following distance of successive trains have been compressed as much as possible to enhance the corridor capacity to satisfy extremely high passenger demand during peak hours. To prevent train collisions and ensure the safety of trains, a safe following distance of trains must be maintained. However, this requirement is subject to a series of complex factors, such as the uncertain train braking performance, train communication delay, and driver reaction time. In this paper, we propose a unified mathematical framework to analyze the safety‐oriented reliability of metro train timetables with different corridor capacities, that is, the train traffic density, and determine the most reliable train timetable for metro lines in an uncertain environment. By employing a space‐time network representation in the formulations, the reliability‐based train timetabling problem is formulated as a nonlinear stochastic programming model, in which we use 0‐1 variables to denote the time‐dependent velocity and position of all involved trains. Several reformulation techniques are developed to obtain an equivalent mixed integer programming model with quadratic constraints (MIQCP) that can be solved to optimality by some commercial solvers. To improve the computational efficiency of the MIQCP model, we develop a dual decomposition solution framework that decomposes the primal problem into several sets of subproblems by dualizing the coupling constraints across different samples. An exact dynamic programming combined with search space reduction strategies is also developed to solve the exact optimal solutions of these subproblems. Two sets of numerical experiments, which involve a relatively small‐scale case and a real‐world instance based on the operation data of the Beijing subway Changping Line are implemented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.     

美“海军一体化火力控制--制空”能力发展现状与启示

美“海军一体化火力控制－制空”（ NIFC－CA）是美军海上盾牌防御体系概念的重要组成部分。该体系经过多年的发展已初见成效。首先，对美“海军一体化火力控制———制空”的基本概念及内涵进行了阐述，对其主要组成CEC、E－2D预警机、宙斯盾系统及标准－6舰空导弹在防御体系中的功能进行了分析；然后，介绍了美NIFC－CA的6种主要指挥控制模式，并对其协同指挥决策模式进行了分析，得出了指挥决策分布处理的特点；最后，总结了美NIFC－CA发展对我海军海上防御力量发展建设的启示。     

量子技术在武器装备中的应用展望

量子技术是基于量子力学和其他学科交叉产生的新兴学科,已经涉及到计算、信息、导航、能源等多个应用领域。近年来,随着量子技术的快速发展和应用潜力,量子技术已成为研究热点并逐步走向应用。与此同时,世界新军事革命发展中武器装备须具有远程精确化、职能化、隐身化、无人化的技术特点。结合量子技术的特点,从量子计算,量子通信与量子密码、量子控制、量子导航、量子雷达,量子电池,量子技术对作战模式的改变等方面对武器装备领域的应用、作战能力和作战模式进行阐述。研究表明,量子计算的发展必然使现有武器装备的性能得到提高、作战能力得到提升,进而改变现有作战模式。